As a politician would say. Very good question!!
My experience so far is that they are coded to the immobiliser module on a car specific basis.
I am assuming the vehicle types are different hardware, TD4 V6 etc.
I think the 3 and 5 door and options are mostly covered by the Ccu so that is programmed differently and also is programmed to the specific remotes, plippers.
Be good for peeps to add to this thread and list what we know.
For example, can you reprog an Ecu to suit another vehicle etc??